Meniscus Treatment Options

In cases where a meniscus tear is located in the outer edge of the meniscus—known as the red zone—there is an improved chance of healing due to better blood supply. If the knee remains stable, recovery can take up to 8 weeks with conservative treatments. This approach involves:

• Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE): Reduces inflammation and promotes healing.
• Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Helps manage pain and reduce swelling.
• Targeted Exercise Programs: Prevents stiffness and restores the range of motion.

It is critical to avoid high-impact activities and excessive knee flexion, which could delay healing. The goal is to maintain knee stability while gradually restoring strength and function.

For cases where the meniscus is repairable, arthroscopic surgery is often performed. This involves suturing the torn pieces together, sometimes requiring the creation of a tunnel to reattach the meniscus to the tibia for specific tear types like root or radial tears. These tears can be serious, as having a root tear is comparable to losing the entire meniscus. Post-surgery, swelling is managed through icing and elevation.

Rehabilitation Overview: Rehabilitation is critical for regaining range of motion, mobility, and strength. Often, rehabilitation exercises can be done at home. Full recovery, including a return to normal activity, can take up to 3 months, although elite athletes might return sooner. 

Initial Post-Surgery Protocol:

• First 4 Weeks: Patients will typically use crutches and wear a knee brace. Early rehabilitation focuses on non-weight-bearing exercises, range of motion, and gentle strength training for the quadriceps and hamstrings. Exercises are performed as tolerated.
• 4-6 Months: A gradual return to sports and high-impact activities begins, with continuous strength and endurance training as part of ongoing rehab.

For degenerative tears or tears located toward the inner part of the meniscus, repair may not be feasible due to insufficient blood supply. In such cases, the surgeon trims the damaged edges, a procedure known as partial meniscectomy. Preserving as much meniscal tissue as possible is crucial to slow down the onset of arthritis.

Recovery Steps for Partial Meniscectomy:

• First Few Days Post-Surgery: Use of crutches and light physical therapy.
• 1 Week Post-Surgery: Most patients can resume daily activities.
• Up to 1 Month: Return to pre-injury activity levels and sports, depending on individual progress and adherence to physical therapy.